This calls for wisdom: let the one who has understanding calculate the number of the beast, for it is the number of a man, and his number is 666.
The chapter about the two beasts ends with a riddle — a number to count, and it belongs to a man. Two questions have followed it ever since — what does 666 mean, and who is meant to solve it?
A call for understanding, not cleverness
The verse asks for wisdom. One writer says the key is spiritual, and the full answer belongs to one moment:
Walter ScottThis symbolic number holds divine wisdom. It is the only place the number occurs. Only spiritual understanding can unlock the mystery in it. No doubt its full, exact and final answer will be clear to the wise or godly in the coming crisis. Then the Beast's power, under Satan's craft, will display the highest human development in pride and irreverence. It will oppose God and His Anointed in both religion and politics. That, in general, is the moral meaning of 666. The saints it concerns will see the meaning, and it will call them to reject the Beast and his claims at once.
Why the name-guessing has failed
People have long counted up the letters of a name, hoping to reach 666. The results have followed the quarrels of the moment:
William KellyI do not pretend to solve this question. It would be easy to repeat what others have thought. Some of the early Christians thought it was "the Latin man." Irenaeus, the devout Bishop of Lyons, was one of them. Others have found various names, in line with their own quarrels and prejudices. Roman Catholics found in it a riddle pointing to Luther; Protestants, the name of more than one Pope. People have imagined Mohammed in ancient times, and Napoleon in modern times. But are such notions better than riddles? It is not the way of the Spirit to occupy God's people with counting letters or numbers in this vague fashion.
The clue arrives when it is needed
If no one can crack the number in advance, that is not a flaw. It is timing. The instruction aims at people who will live through what is described:
Edward DennettMany have tried to unravel this mystery, but all have failed. Judging by how Scripture works elsewhere, we conclude that no one can discover the secret before the beast appears. When at last he comes on the scene, those who have the wisdom of God will identify him by the number given. God will have warned them in advance. So the direction given here is for those who will be in the circumstances described.
Six: the number stamped on man
The verse itself says the number is a man's number. Commentators trace the digit six through Scripture:
Walter ScottSix hundred and sixty-six is man's number. The unit six was stamped on him at his creation and through his later history. Man was created on the sixth day. His appointed days of labour and toil are six. The Hebrew slave was to serve six years. For six years the land was to be sown. The number seven means what is perfect or complete. Six falls short of that, so it means human imperfection and toil.
The number tripled: humanity at full stretch
Repeated three times, six pushes that character to its limit — man at his most impressive and most godless:
A. J. PollockSix is the highest number short of seven; six sets out what is nearest to perfection. 666 is the strongest emphasis of this... "The Beast" rises out of the sea, and is seen in its final Head. Does it not mean that he will present to the world the Superman so much talked about? He will be the finest specimen of fallen human nature, but without one feature that is of God. No doubt such a person will have a perfect body, a brilliant mind and a powerful will. His statesmanship will be unmatched, and his military skill of the highest order. Now put all this in a man who has no regard for God and His word. Under God's control these fine qualities would be magnificent. In him they become frightful instruments for enslaving and ruining mankind.
The number that never reaches seven
The same six that measures the height of the boast also measures its ceiling. Six days are working days; the seventh is not his to take:
Frederick W. GrantThe 6 is repeated three times. It speaks of labour and not rest — of failed effort to reach the divine 7. It declares that evil at its highest is limited and in God's hand. This number is, after all, we are told, "the number of a man"; and what is man? He may multiply responsibility and judgment. But the Sabbath is God's rest, set apart to Him. Without God, he can have no Sabbath. This 6, 6, 6 is the number of a man who is only a beast, and doomed.
Summary
- Wisdom — the verse calls for spiritual understanding, not letter-counting. The real answer is moral before it is mathematical.
- Man — six is stamped on man from the start: the sixth day, six days of labour, six years of service. It is the number of toil that never reaches rest.
- Height — tripled, six pictures the finest specimen of fallen human nature, with no feature that is of God. Gifts that could have blessed the world ruin it instead.
- Timing — no one can name the man before he appears. When he does, those who need the warning will get it.
- Doom — six never becomes seven. The boast is limited, held in God's hand, and the man behind the number is a beast already doomed.