Psalms 90:10

The years of our life are seventy, or even by reason of strength eighty; yet their span is but toil and trouble; they are soon gone, and we fly away.
Psalms 90:10 · ESVView all translations

Moses, called the man of God, sets a number on human life: seventy years, eighty if strength allows. Then he names what those years hold. Why did the span shrink to this? Why does the psalm call even the strongest years toil? And what should we do with that knowledge?

The Shrinking Span

Earlier chapters of the Bible record lifetimes near a thousand years. Against that, seventy is a steep fall. The writers read the fall itself as part of the psalm's message about human pride.

Then comes the repeated statement of man's emptiness. The experience has now shrunk from near a thousand years to seventy or eighty. In that span man's pride, if it lasts that long, ends in hard labour. Soon cut off indeed, we fly away.

Numerical Bible Notes

Who Says It, and to Whom

The seventy-year figure fits the people around Moses in the desert exactly. It also comes from a man whose own life broke the rule.

Seventy years were the ordinary measure of his days. This, we may notice, applied especially to the people among whom Moses moved in the wilderness. That word covered everyone counted from twenty years old and upward: "Your dead bodies shall fall in this wilderness" (Num. 14:29). So those who were in their prime at thirty when they left Egypt cannot have lived beyond seventy, apart from Caleb and Joshua. It is remarkable that God used a man who lived to a hundred and twenty to declare seventy to be man's days. When he died at that age he was still full of vigour.

F. B. Hole

Written Words for a Shortened Life

One writer links the timing of the shortened lifespan with the arrival of Scripture in written form.

Long afterwards — and there was wisdom in the arrangement — when man's age began to be shortened to its present limit, God made a written revelation. Faith sees divine wisdom where unbelief mocks. Do you not see? At the very point where Scripture says man's age was shortened to seventy years (Ps. 90), God first used Moses, the man of God, to write this word down.

William Kelly

What the Extra Years Are Worth

The verse does not treat the eightieth year as a prize. What a person might display as evidence of a strong constitution is exactly what the psalm reclassifies.

It may be that through strength our years are stretched beyond the allotted span of seventy, but even then, the strength we are proud of, and the years we boast in, will only bring labour and emptiness.

Hamilton Smith

That reading has a practical edge. If added years add sorrow, then wanting a longer life turns out to be a strange thing to want — most of all for someone whose hope lies past death.

God may give some the strength to live 80 years, yet the extra years come with "toil and trouble." In other words, nothing here encourages us to wish for a longer life. That is especially true for someone redeemed by the blood of Christ, who is glad at the prospect of entering the Lord's presence. At any rate, "they are soon gone, and we fly away." Some do live past 100, but however long life is, it is still short!

L. M. Grant

Why So Frail

Behind the arithmetic stands a cause. The short life is not bad luck, and it is not how God made man.

But why is man so frail, so mortal? Because he has fallen under God's displeasure. It is not an unreasonable accident that he is in this state. He was not created this way. It is simply and only that anger and wrath from God rest on him. This is a hard saying, but a true one. It is the only explanation of the sad condition man is in.

F. B. Hole

The Right Response

The psalm turns the count into a prayer. Facing the real number changes what a person gives their heart to.

We are only the weak, dying children of Adam, and we gain much by simply recognising that fact. As long as we do not count our days correctly, we imagine ourselves to be something other than what we are. Then we give our hearts to pleasure or money-making or sport or a hundred and one things of little importance. When we count our days correctly and see the state we are in, we give our hearts to wisdom. And the beginning of wisdom is the fear of the Lord. But we have to ask God to teach us this, for we will not do it on our own.

F. B. Hole

One writer measures our view of passing years against our heavenly calling.

The conclusion, then, is this. If we are living up to the height of our heavenly calling, we will not regret the swift flight of years. Nor will we grieve at the prospect of death, if the Lord delays. If we are not on guard, we can soon sink to the level of the Jewish saint when the close of a year reminds us of times and seasons. May the Lord help us instead to live in His presence, and to have Himself filling our hearts, so that, dying daily, we are already living beyond death the life of heaven.

The Christian's Friend

Summary

- Count. Seventy years, eighty at most. That is a steep fall from the near-thousand of earlier generations, and the psalm treats the fall as a message.

- Cause. God did not create man frail. Man fell under God's displeasure, and the writers offer no other explanation.

- Cost. Extra years add toil and trouble, so the strength people boast in ends in labour and emptiness.

- Count again. Moses turns the number into a prayer for wisdom. We must ask God to teach it, since we will not learn it alone.

- Comfort. The man who wrote "seventy" lived to a hundred and twenty, still full of vigour. The believer's hope reaches past the flight of years into the Lord's presence.

Reviewed by Orion on August 20, 2026