And the priest shall look, and if it appears deeper than the skin and its hair has turned white, then the priest shall pronounce him unclean. It is a case of leprous disease that has broken out in the boil.
A boil had healed. Then a white swelling or a reddish-white spot appeared in the same place. Is it harmless, or is it leprosy? Everything turns on what the priest sees, and on two signs.
The old boil as an opening
The boil itself was not the disease. It was the place where something worse could surface, and that alone called for a proper look.
William KellyIn the first case the boil is healed, but in its place there may be a white swelling or a reddish-white bright spot. This is too serious to pass over. It must be brought to the priest. The boil did not prove leprosy, but it could give leprosy, hidden until now, the chance to show itself. And that is reason enough to call the priest to look: in God's eyes, indifference is as intolerable as meddling with what He has not authorised.
The two signs
Two signs, taken together, settle the case — and each points to something in the spiritual life.
Leslie M. GrantIf two symptoms showed up — the hair in the sore turned white, and the sore deeper than the skin — then no question remained. It was leprosy, and the priest was to declare the person unclean. The white hair speaks of the decay of spiritual strength. The sore deeper than the skin shows that the sin is not just a small lapse... But when the case is clear, then God's word is clear: the person must be pronounced unclean.
That decay can hide behind a busy surface.
Numerical Bible NotesFirst, the hair turned white is the sign of strength leaving... Freshness and vigour are gone. There may seem to be as much activity as before, but it takes more effort. There may even be more life on the outside, while inside it is weakened and fading.
Why "deeper than the skin" is the harder test
The second sign is the one no rulebook can settle. One writer admits this, and says the difficulty is on purpose.
Numerical Bible NotesThen the spot looks "deeper than the skin." This needs much closer attention than the white hair... It is simple enough to say that it means what is not on the surface. But how do we know that in the case of the sin we have to judge? No doubt this is designed to put us to work and to make us feel our need of God... "If any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask God, who gives generously to all without reproach, and it will be given him." (James 1:5)
The man does not diagnose himself
Notice who does the looking. The one with the spot brings it; someone else pronounces. The standard is not opinion but God's presence.
William KellySo there was this important provision: a man is not made the judge of his own sin. The law required the Israelite to bring his condition to someone else for inspection, and that someone else pictures a spiritual man, because that is what a priest means. He is one who has the right of access to God. So he should have his senses trained to tell good from evil by the standard of the sanctuary. He must not be swept along by conventional opinions, or by traditional thoughts, or by what people call public opinion.
Weakness watched, evil judged
There is a line between a flaw in the character and evil at work — and the first can open the door to the second.
C. H. MackintoshThere is a difference between personal weakness and the active energy of evil — between simple faults and blemishes in the outward character, and sin at work in us... Take an irritable temper as an example. I should judge it in myself; I should make allowance for it in another. Like "the burning boil" in the case of an Israelite, it may become the source of real defilement — the ground for being shut out of the assembly. Every form of weakness must be watched, in case it becomes an occasion of sin.
The same distinction in practice
Writers apply the difference between a passing outbreak and a settled disease to how believers are handled today.
Leslie M. GrantThere are real differences here, as the New Testament also teaches us. "Anyone caught in any transgression" (Gal. 6:1) is not the same as the serious case of someone who has made a habit of being sexually immoral, greedy, an idolater, a reviler, a drunkard or a swindler (1 Cor. 5:11). In the first case the person needs other believers to restore him. In the second case he must be put out from the fellowship of the saints — though the goal is his recovery in the end.
Summary
- Occasion. A healed boil was not the disease. It was the spot where a hidden disease could break out.
- Inspection. No one judges his own case, and no one shrugs it off. He brings it to someone who judges by God's presence, not by public opinion.
- Signs. Two marks settle it. White hair pictures strength draining away under a busy surface. A sore sunk below the skin pictures sin that is more than a slip.
- Wisdom. Judging the depth is the hard part, and it is meant to be. It drives the examiner to ask God for wisdom instead of using a formula.
- Verdict. Where evil is deep and at work, the verdict must be spoken. Even then the aim is not to shut someone out but to win him back.